Albumin and globulins are the two major types of proteins in blood.

The A/G ratio is calculated by dividing serum albumin by globulin concentration.

Clinical uses include:

Assessing liver function (albumin synthesis).

Evaluating kidney disease (protein loss).

Detecting immune disorders (globulin abnormalities).

Supporting diagnosis of chronic infections, cancers, or autoimmune diseases.

The test is performed using a blood sample, often as part of a liver function test (LFT) panel.

Analyte: Ratio of albumin to globulin proteins in serum.

Normal Range: ~1.0 – 2.2 (varies slightly by lab).

Abnormal Findings:

Low A/G ratio: Suggests liver disease (cirrhosis), kidney disease (nephrotic syndrome), or increased globulins (autoimmune disease, multiple myeloma).

High A/G ratio: May indicate low globulin production (genetic or acquired immune deficiency).

Clinical Use:

Provides insight into protein balance in blood.

Helps differentiate between liver, kidney, and immune-related disorders.

Guides further diagnostic evaluation and monitoring.