Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are autoantibodies that target components of the cell nucleus.

The ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method provides a sensitive and quantitative measurement of ANA.

Clinical uses include:

Screening for autoimmune diseases (SLE, Sjögren’s syndrome, scleroderma, mixed connective tissue disease).

Supporting diagnosis when combined with clinical symptoms and other tests.

Monitoring disease activity and progression.

ANA testing is often followed by specific antibody panels (e.g., anti-dsDNA, anti-Smith) for confirmation.

Analyte: Antinuclear antibodies in blood serum.

Normal Result: Negative (no significant ANA detected).

Positive Result: Indicates presence of ANA → suggests autoimmune activity.

Clinical Use:

Detects autoimmune disorders.

Helps differentiate between various connective tissue diseases.

Guides further confirmatory testi