Ultrasound imaging is used to visualize the uterus, gestational sac, embryo, and heartbeat.

Clinical uses include:

Confirming intrauterine pregnancy and ruling out ectopic pregnancy.

Determining gestational age and expected due date.

Assessing viability of the embryo (heartbeat detection).

Detecting multiple pregnancies (twins/triplets).

Identifying early complications such as miscarriage, molar pregnancy, or subchorionic hemorrhage.

Provides reassurance to expectant parents and guides early antenatal care planning.

Analyte: Not a lab test — this is an imaging study (ultrasound).

Normal Findings:

Gestational sac visible by ~5 weeks.

Fetal pole and heartbeat detectable by ~6–7 weeks.

Abnormal Findings:

Absence of heartbeat after 7 weeks → possible miscarriage.

Empty gestational sac → possible blighted ovum.

Abnormal sac location → ectopic pregnancy.

Clinical Use:

Provides early confirmation and viability assessment of pregnancy.

Helps guide antenatal care, risk management, and counseling.

Supports obstetrics, gynecology, and maternal‑fetal medicine evaluations.