Estradiol (E2) is the most potent natural estrogen, produced mainly by the ovaries in women, and in smaller amounts by the testes in men and adrenal glands in both sexes.

Levels vary with age, sex, and menstrual cycle phase.

Clinical uses include:

Assessing ovarian function and menstrual irregularities.

Monitoring fertility treatments and ovulation induction.

Evaluating puberty disorders (delayed or precocious).

Diagnosing menopausal status and hormone imbalances.

Detecting estrogen-producing tumors.

Often measured alongside FSH, LH, and progesterone for reproductive health evaluation.

Analyte: Serum estradiol (E2) concentration.

Normal Range (varies by lab):

Women (follicular phase): ~30–120 pg/mL

Women (mid-cycle peak): ~130–370 pg/mL

Women (luteal phase): ~70–250 pg/mL

Postmenopausal women: < 20 pg/mL

Men: ~10–50 pg/mL

Abnormal Findings:

Low estradiol: Suggests ovarian failure, menopause, or delayed puberty.

High estradiol: May indicate ovarian hyperstimulation, estrogen-secreting tumors, or precocious puberty.

Clinical Use:

Provides a direct measure of estrogen status.

Helps guide fertility treatment and reproductive endocrinology decisions.

Supports diagnosis of hormonal disorders and tumors.