Homocysteine is an amino acid produced during the metabolism of methionine.

Normally, it is broken down by vitamins B6, B12, and folate.

Clinical uses include:

Detecting vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.

Assessing risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke.

Supporting diagnosis of homocystinuria (a rare inherited disorder).

Monitoring patients with unexplained blood clots or premature heart disease.

The test is performed using a blood sample.

Analyte: Homocysteine concentration in plasma.

Normal Range: ~5 – 15 µmol/L (varies slightly by lab).

High Levels (Hyperhomocysteinemia):

May indicate vitamin B6, B12, or folate deficiency.

Associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and cardiovascular disease.

Seen in genetic disorders like homocystinuria.

Low Levels: Rare, usually not clinically significant.

Clinical Use:

Detects nutritional deficiencies.

Evaluates cardiovascular risk.

Supports diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorders.