PSA is a glycoprotein enzyme secreted by the prostate gland.

Elevated PSA levels may indicate prostate cancer, but can also be due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatitis, or other non‑cancerous conditions.

Clinical uses include:

Screening for prostate cancer (especially in men over 50).

Monitoring known prostate cancer patients during and after treatment.

Evaluating prostate enlargement or inflammation.

PSA testing is often combined with digital rectal examination (DRE) and imaging for accurate diagnosis.

Interpretation requires caution, as PSA is not cancer‑specific and can be influenced by age, prostate size, and medical procedures.

Analyte: Serum PSA (ng/mL).

Normal Range (varies by age and lab):

Men < 50 years: < 2.5 ng/mL

Men 50–59 years: < 3.5 ng/mL

Men 60–69 years: < 4.5 ng/mL

Men ≥ 70 years: < 6.5 ng/mL

Abnormal Findings:

Moderately elevated PSA: May indicate BPH or prostatitis.

Markedly elevated PSA (>10 ng/mL): Higher suspicion of prostate cancer.

Clinical Use:

Provides a marker for prostate health.

Helps guide screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of prostate cancer.

Supports urology and oncology evaluations.