Lead is a toxic heavy metal that can accumulate in the body through environmental or occupational exposure.

Even small amounts can cause serious health problems, especially in children.

Clinical uses include:

Detecting lead poisoning.

Monitoring individuals exposed to lead in workplaces or contaminated environments.

Assessing risk of developmental delays, neurological damage, and organ toxicity.

The test is performed using a blood sample, typically venous blood.

Analyte: Lead concentration in blood serum.

Normal Range: < 5 µg/dL (CDC reference for children; varies by lab).

Elevated Levels:

5–20 µg/dL: May indicate mild exposure; requires monitoring.

> 20 µg/dL: Suggests significant exposure; may cause symptoms.

> 45 µg/dL: Requires medical intervention (chelation therapy in children).

Clinical Use:

Detects and monitors lead poisoning.

Guides treatment decisions and preventive measures.

Supports public health surveillance in high-risk populations.