Normally, urine contains little to no protein because the kidneys filter and reabsorb it.

Proteinuria (protein in urine) can indicate kidney damage or systemic disease.

A spot urine sample provides a quick, non‑timed assessment of protein excretion.

Clinical uses include:

Screening for renal disease.

Monitoring diabetic nephropathy and hypertension‑related kidney damage.

Evaluating glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Used in calculating protein/creatinine ratio for more accurate assessment.

Often performed alongside serum creatinine, eGFR, and urine albumin tests.

Analyte: Protein in urine (mg/dL).

Normal Result: Minimal or no detectable protein.

Abnormal Findings:

Mild proteinuria: Early kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes.

Moderate to severe proteinuria: Nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, advanced CKD.

Transient proteinuria: May occur with fever, exercise, or stress.

Clinical Use:

Provides a marker of kidney health and filtration capacity.

Helps guide diagnosis and monitoring of renal disorders.

Supports nephrology and internal medicine evaluations.