The TORCH panel evaluates maternal and neonatal exposure to infections that can cross the placenta and affect fetal development.

It includes both IgG (past exposure/immunity) and IgM (recent/acute infection) antibody testing.

Clinical uses include:

Screening pregnant women for risk of congenital infections.

Detecting acute maternal infections that may harm the fetus.

Diagnosing congenital infections in newborns.

Supporting prenatal counseling and preventive measures.

Often performed alongside PCR, culture methods, and imaging for confirmation.

Analytes: Antibodies (IgG and IgM) against:

Toxoplasma gondii

Rubella virus

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV‑1/HSV‑2)

Other infections (varicella, syphilis, parvovirus B19 depending on panel design)

Normal Result: Negative for IgM (no acute infection); IgG status varies (positive = past exposure/immunity).

Abnormal Findings:

Positive IgM: Indicates recent or active infection, requiring further evaluation.

Positive IgG: Indicates past infection or immunity.

Clinical Use:

Provides a comprehensive assessment of maternal and neonatal infection risk.

Helps guide diagnosis, treatment, and preventive strategies.

Supports obstetrics, gynecology, pediatrics, and infectious disease evaluations.