Cholesterol is a fatty substance essential for cell membranes, hormone production, and vitamin D synthesis.

Excess cholesterol, especially LDL, increases the risk of atherosclerosis, heart disease, and stroke.

Clinical uses include:

Screening for hypercholesterolemia and lipid disorders.

Assessing cardiovascular risk factors.

Monitoring response to lipid‑lowering therapy.

Supporting preventive health checkups.

Often performed as part of a lipid profile (Total Cholesterol, LDL, HDL, Triglycerides)

Analyte: Total Cholesterol in serum (mg/dL).

Normal Range (varies by lab):

Desirable: <200 mg/dL

Borderline high: 200–239 mg/dL

High: ≥240 mg/dL

Abnormal Findings:

High cholesterol: Increased risk of coronary artery disease, stroke, metabolic syndrome.

Low cholesterol: May be linked to malnutrition, chronic illness, hyperthyroidism, or liver disease.

Clinical Use:

Provides a baseline measure of lipid status.

Helps guide dietary, lifestyle, and pharmacological interventions.

Supports cardiology, internal medicine, and preventive health evaluations.