Acetone is one of the three ketone bodies (along with acetoacetate and β‑hydroxybutyrate).

It appears in urine when the body breaks down fat for energy instead of glucose.

Clinical uses include:

Detecting diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in uncontrolled diabetes.

Monitoring ketosis due to starvation, fasting, or low‑carbohydrate diets.

Supporting diagnosis of metabolic disorders involving abnormal fat metabolism.

Evaluating patients with vomiting, dehydration, or altered consciousness where ketosis is suspected.

Often performed alongside blood glucose, serum ketones, and arterial blood gases for comprehensive evaluation.

Analyte: Acetone (ketone body) in urine (qualitative or semi‑quantitative).

Normal Result: Negative (no acetone detected).

Abnormal Findings:

Positive acetone: Indicates ketosis, commonly due to diabetic ketoacidosis, starvation, or prolonged fasting.

High levels: Suggest severe metabolic imbalance requiring urgent medical attention.

Clinical Use:

Provides a simple screening marker for ketosis and ketoacidosis.

Helps guide diagnosis, monitoring, and emergency management.

Supports endocrinology, internal medicine, and emergency medicine evaluations.